Arap \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi alan\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan hi\u00e7 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, \u0130man Buhari\u2019nin eserlerine m\u00fcracaat etmeden ge\u00e7emez. \u0130mam Buhari Resulullah (Sallallahu Aleyhi ve Sellem)\u2019den rivayet edilen hadisler konusunda k\u00fclliyat telif edenlerden ve usul-u hadis ilmini in\u015fa ederek ilmi ara\u015ft\u0131rma esaslar\u0131n\u0131n temelini atanlardan biridir.\u00a0 Onun, alan\u0131nda bir ilk olan ilmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hadis rivayet eden ricali ara\u015ft\u0131rarak hadislerin s\u0131hhatini ortaya koymas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130mam Buhari metinler konusunda ilmi ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirmek suretiyle Arap \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sanat ondan sonra geli\u015ferek edebi ve tarihi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara hizmet eden bir ilim haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Buhari, bir hadisin s\u0131hhatli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en az iki adil ve do\u011fru s\u00f6zl\u00fc ravi taraf\u0131ndan rivayet edilmesini ve ravinin rivayet etti\u011fi ki\u015fiyle bizzat g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek suretiyle hadisi i\u015fitmesi gerekti\u011fini \u015fart ko\u015fmu\u015ftur. \u0130mam Buhari, me\u015fhur bir sahabe taraf\u0131ndan rivayet edilmeyen bir hadisi kitab\u0131nda zikretmez. Onun bir hadisi kitab\u0131nda zikretmesi i\u00e7in gerekli g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fart; hadisin sika (g\u00fcvenilir) iki veya daha fazla ravi taraf\u0131ndan rivayet edilmesi, onlardan da rivayeti ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi ile me\u015fhur bir tabiinin rivayet etmesidir.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari\u2019nin kullanm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu ilmi metot ile birlikte Arap \u0130slam D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7bir milletin veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya muvaffak olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cCerh ve Ta\u2019dil\u201d adl\u0131 ilim g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari, bu b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fi yapmaya kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bunu yapmak i\u00e7in f\u0131tri, akli silahlarla donanm\u0131\u015f bir durumdayd\u0131. O, tabiat\u0131 gere\u011fi se\u00e7kin, insanlar\u0131 deh\u015fete d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren y\u00fcksek bir haf\u0131zaya sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda dayan\u0131kl\u0131, sab\u0131rl\u0131 olup hadis almak i\u00e7in yolculuklar tertip etmeye muktedir bir \u015fahsiyetti. Yolculuklara \u00e7\u0131karak ilmi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmak, Asil Arap \u0130slam sanatlar\u0131ndan biridir. Bu sanat: Rivayeti bizzat rivayet edenden ve onun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden almak, raviyi incelemek, onun do\u011fru s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenilir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve hayat yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019a uyup uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hayat\u0131 ile ilminin birbirine uyup uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. \u015e\u00fcphesiz bu metot Arap \u0130slam Ara\u015ft\u0131rma metodunun ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari, bu akli g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn, kavrama ve ezberleme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sahip oldu\u011fu bu acayip haf\u0131za kuvvetinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir bedene sahip olup, sab\u0131rl\u0131 ve yolculuklara \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n zorluklar\u0131na katlanmaya g\u00fcc\u00fc yeten bir ki\u015fiydi. Bilinmelidir ki onun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 as\u0131rda yolculu\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kmak en me\u015fakkatli i\u015flerdendi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Muhammed Bin \u0130smail El-Buhari hicri 194 y\u0131l\u0131nda Maveraunnehir\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerinden olan Buhara\u2019da do\u011fru. O, hayat\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131rken \u015f\u00f6yle der: Hen\u00fcz on veya daha az bir ya\u015fta mektepte okurken hadis ilmine yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131m ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. On ya\u015f\u0131m\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m o y\u0131llarda mektepten mezun olunca Ed-Dahili ve ba\u015fka alimlerin ilim halkalar\u0131na izleyici ve dinleyici olarak kat\u0131ld\u0131m. G\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn Ed-Dahili halkas\u0131na kat\u0131lan insanlara hadis okurken: \u201cAn Ebi Z\u00fcbeyr, an \u0130brahim..\u201d (Ebu Z\u00fcbeyir\u2019den, o da\u00a0 \u0130brahim\u2019den..) dedi. \u00a0Ben (Ebu Z\u00fcbeyir \u0130brahim\u2019den rivayet etmez) deyince; o, benim bu s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc hor g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Dedim ki: \u015eayet o kitab\u0131n asl\u0131 yan\u0131ndaysa bir bak! Odas\u0131na girdi ve o kitab\u0131n asl\u0131na bakt\u0131. Daha sonra \u00a0d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karak bana dedi ki: Ya do\u011frusu nas\u0131ld\u0131r ey \u00e7ocuk? Ona dedim ki: \u201cEz-Z\u00fcbeyir \u0130bn-i A\u2019diyyi b. \u0130brahim\u201d. Bunun \u00fczerine benden kalemi alarak kitab\u0131ndaki yanl\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fczeltti ve bana dedi ki: \u201cDo\u011fru s\u00f6yledin\u201d. \u0130\u015fte o g\u00fcnlerde hen\u00fcz 11 ya\u015flar\u0131nda idim. 16 ya\u015flar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131mda \u0130bn-i Mubarek ve Vekii\u2019nin kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 ezberleyip (Ashab-\u0131 Ra\u2019iyin) ilimlerini ald\u0131m. Daha sonra karde\u015fim Ahmet ve Annem ile birlikte Mekke\u2019ye gelince hadis ilmi talep etmek i\u00e7in orada kald\u0131m. 18 ya\u015f\u0131nda \u201cGadaya\u2019s-Sahabe ve\u2019t-Tabiine ve Egaaviilehim\u201d (Sahabe ve Tabiinle \u0130lgili Meseleler ve Onlar\u0131n S\u00f6zleri) adl\u0131 eseri kaleme ald\u0131m. Mehtapl\u0131 gecelerde Peygamberin kabrinin yan\u0131nda \u201cEt-Tarihu\u2019l-Kebir\u201d adl\u0131 eseri kaleme ald\u0131m. Tarihi bir \u015fahsiyete sahip olup da hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00e7ok az ki\u015fi bulunur.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari, zay\u0131f ve orta boylu \u00e7ok az yemek yiyen bir ki\u015fi olarak anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Bir gecede Kur\u2019an\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7te birini veya yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 okur ve her \u00fc\u00e7 gecede bir hatim ederdi. At \u00fczerinde at\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k yapmay\u0131 \u00e7ok sever att\u0131\u011f\u0131 oklar\u0131n hedefini \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok az g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Denir ki: O, Allah\u2019\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 en zeki kullar\u0131ndand\u0131. Allah\u2019\u0131n emir ve yasaklar\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitaplar\u0131nda onun bu konuda derin bir bilgiye sahip oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Haya, cesaret, ihsan, takva ve d\u00fcnyal\u0131k i\u015flerde z\u00fcht sahibi olmak konusunda \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek seviyelere \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f olan Buhari, y\u00fcksek edebinden dolay\u0131 hep g\u00fczel s\u00f6zler kullan\u0131rd\u0131: Hadis rivayet edenlerin durumunu anlatmak i\u00e7in \u201cMetruk\u201d (B\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f) veya \u201cSak\u0131t\u201d (D\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f) veya \u201cFihi Nazar\u201d (Bak\u0131lmaya muhta\u00e7) veya \u201cSeketu Anhu\u201d (hakk\u0131nda konu\u015fmad\u0131lar, sustular) gibi ibareler kullan\u0131r ve asla \u201cBu ki\u015fi yalanc\u0131d\u0131r\u201d ifadesi kullanmazd\u0131. Buhari\u2019<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
den gelen rivayetlerin birinde o \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cAbdest al\u0131p iki rekat namaz k\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a hi\u00e7bir hadisi Sahih\u2019ime koymad\u0131m.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari, nere giderse gitsin insanlar\u0131n takdirini ve ilgilerini \u00fczerinde toplayan bir \u015fahsiyetti. Basra halk\u0131 onu yolda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken g\u00f6rse hemen onun pe\u015fine d\u00fc\u015fer, o istemese de onu kerhen de olsa oturtarak ondan kendilerine hadis okumas\u0131n\u0131 isterlerdi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Buhari, Sahih\u2019i i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn hayat\u0131 boyunca \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu yolculuklarda toplam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu 600 bin hadis i\u00e7inden 6 bin hadis se\u00e7mi\u015f ve \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cBu kitaba ancak sahih olan hadisleri koydum fakat bu kitaba koymad\u0131\u011f\u0131m sahih hadisler koyduklar\u0131mdan daha fazlad\u0131r.\u201d Kitab\u0131n\u0131 tedvin etme sebebi olarak \u015funlar\u0131 der: \u201c\u0130shak b.Rahoya\u2019n\u0131n yan\u0131ndayken oradaki baz\u0131 dostlar\u0131m\u0131z bize: \u201c\u015eayet Peygamberin s\u00fcnneti hakk\u0131nda muhtasar (\u00f6zet) bir kitap yazsan\u0131z ne iyi olur..\u201ddediler. Bu s\u00f6z kalbimde yer etti ve bu kitab\u0131 toplamaya (telif etmeye) ba\u015flad\u0131m. \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Yazan: Enver El-C\u00fcndi<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Nevabi\u011f\u2019l-el-Fikri\u2019l-\u0130slami adl\u0131 eserden de\u011fi\u015fiklikle..<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Terc\u00fcme: Fikri G\u00f6nc\u00fc<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130MAM BUHAR\u0130 Arap \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi alan\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan hi\u00e7 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131, \u0130man Buhari\u2019nin eserlerine m\u00fcracaat etmeden ge\u00e7emez. \u0130mam Buhari Resulullah (Sallallahu Aleyhi ve Sellem)\u2019den rivayet edilen hadisler konusunda k\u00fclliyat telif edenlerden ve usul-u hadis ilmini in\u015fa ederek ilmi ara\u015ft\u0131rma esaslar\u0131n\u0131n temelini atanlardan biridir.\u00a0 Onun, alan\u0131nda bir ilk olan ilmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 hadis rivayet eden ricali ara\u015ft\u0131rarak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":156,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-islami-akademi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":112,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60\/revisions\/112"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/156"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/islamvebiz.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}